Yes, in principle, all underage Ukrainian children must attend school in the Netherlands. They have the same right to education and compulsory education as everyone else. Children aged 4 to 12 attend primary school (elementary education). After that, they move on to secondary school. Children who have just arrived in the Netherlands and do not speak Dutch typically attend special classes for newcomers. This can be within a regular school or a special school. Usually, after about 1 school year, they transition to a regular class.